The spectre of chemical weapons continues to cast a long shadow on the international landscape. Despite demonstrable progress in eliminating declared stockpiles and robust verification mechanisms, the threat persists, demanding unwavering vigilance and a coordinated global response. This year’s deliberations at the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) Conference underscore this critical reality, revealing both advancements and concerning developments that necessitate a renewed, multifaceted approach.
The UK’s commitment to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) remains resolute, rooted in a belief that its full implementation is paramount to global security. Data from the OPCW’s annual reports reveal an increasingly complex verification environment. While the complete destruction of declared stockpiles is a significant achievement, the ongoing uncertainty surrounding unverified materials and the growing evidence of chemical weapon use – particularly in ongoing conflicts – highlight vulnerabilities. Recent intelligence estimates suggest that significant quantities of potential chemical agents could remain hidden within Syria, a situation exacerbated by the ongoing instability and lack of full access for verification teams. The reported discrepancies between the former regime’s declared inventory and actual quantities remain a persistent concern.
The Eastern Europe Group’s continued opposition to Russia’s representation on the Executive Council remains a critical point of contention. As outlined by the UK’s delegation, the consistent breaches of the CWC by the Russian Federation – including the Salisbury Novichok attacks resulting in the death of Dawn Sturgess, and the poisoning of Alexei Navalny – fundamentally undermine the credibility of the OPCW. The overwhelming support within the Eastern European Group for Ambassador Agustín Vásquez Gómez reflects a crucial understanding: the integrity of the CWC demands that a State Party demonstrably committed to its principles holds a seat at its table. The reported use of CS gas by Ukrainian forces, independently confirmed by the OPCW, further solidifies this stance.
The ongoing crisis in Sudan represents another significant challenge. Reports of chemical weapon use by the Sudanese Armed Forces, coupled with the need for a thorough investigation, necessitate immediate and decisive action. The UK, alongside international partners, will continue to advocate for accountability and the protection of civilian populations. The reported use of chemical weapons in Ukraine – over 11,000 instances according to Ukrainian authorities – serves as a stark reminder of the evolving nature of this threat, and the imperative for robust and adaptable verification procedures.
The UK’s commitment extends beyond direct verification efforts. The significant financial contributions – £2.8 million to the Syria Voluntary Trust Fund since December 2024, and an additional multi-million pound commitment planned for Syrian-led destruction operations – demonstrates a practical acknowledgment of the ongoing responsibility. Furthermore, the continued partnership with Canada on the procurement of respirators for Ukrainian forces, alongside the £950,000 contribution to the OPCW Assistance to Ukraine fund, highlight a shared commitment to protecting the Ukrainian population. These efforts complement the broader strategic investments in capacity-building initiatives, including the successful ongoing collaboration with Ghanaian national authorities, and the revitalization of historical UK national authority mentoring programs, exemplified by the partnership with Zambia.
Looking ahead, the UK prioritizes investment in strengthening the verification regime, specifically advocating for the return to 241 Article VI inspections in 2027, alongside securing adequate resources. The upcoming review by the OPCW’s Scientific Advisory Board regarding emerging technologies, and the organization’s focus on enhancing geographical representation, promoting gender equality, and increasing engagement with civil society, are all vital components of a comprehensive strategy. The seamless transition of leadership to Ambassador Dallafior Matter, with the UK’s full support, reflects a continued dedication to the OPCW’s mission. The situation in Sudan, alongside ongoing conflict zones, requires proactive engagement and support to ensure thorough investigations and accountability. The complex geopolitical landscape calls for sustained commitment to the core principles of the Chemical Weapons Convention, demanding collaborative action and unwavering vigilance.
We encourage reflection on the ongoing challenges and reaffirm our shared responsibility in safeguarding the world from the devastating potential of chemical weapons.