The following represents a distilled summary of the key outcomes and commitments arising from the November 11-12, 2025, meeting of the G7 Foreign Ministers in Niagara, Canada. This communiqué reflects a concerted and, at times, demanding response to a rapidly evolving geopolitical landscape marked by escalating conflicts, persistent security threats, and interwoven economic vulnerabilities.
Ukraine and European Security
Reaffirming an unwavering commitment to Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, the ministers reiterated the urgency of an immediate ceasefire predicated on the current line of contact as a negotiation starting point. This commitment is intrinsically linked to ongoing efforts to leverage immobilized Russian Sovereign Assets across G7 jurisdictions, a strategy designed to exert maximum economic pressure. The ministers condemned, with unified force, the provision of military assistance to Russia by North Korea, Iran, and China – identified as “decisive enablers” of the conflict. The discussion centred around bolstering Ukraine’s energy security, acknowledging the continued threat of direct attacks on critical infrastructure. The ministers continued to explore mechanisms for expediting the return of remains of hostages held in Ukrainian custody.
“The situation in Ukraine remains incredibly volatile and demands a sustained, coordinated international response,” stated a senior diplomatic source. “Our focus is on supporting Ukraine’s defensive capabilities while simultaneously holding Russia accountable for its actions.”
Middle East Crisis
The ministers welcomed the cessation of hostilities and release of hostages following President Trump’s Comprehensive Plan for the Gaza Conflict, emphasizing the critical need for the return of deceased hostages’ remains. Concerns were voiced regarding restrictions on humanitarian aid access, specifically demanding unrestricted access to Palestinian areas as stipulated by the plan. The discussion extended to Iran, where the ministers reaffirmed the imperative for full compliance with UN Security Council resolutions and the Non-Proliferation Treaty, alongside direct engagement with the United States, supported by the E3 nations. The “snapback mechanism” regarding sanctions was reinforced, reflecting a willingness to maintain pressure on Iran’s nuclear program. The persistent challenge of illicit cryptocurrency thefts by the DPRK was also a key focal point.
Regional Security Challenges
Beyond Ukraine, the communiqué addressed a series of interconnected regional crises. In Sudan, the ministers strongly condemned the Rapid Support Forces (RSF)’s escalating violence, characterizing it as ethnically motivated and marked by widespread sexual violence. They underscored the devastating humanitarian impact, including the world’s largest humanitarian crisis, and urged a ceasefire and unimpeded humanitarian access. Concerning Eastern DRC, the ministers reiterated their concern over ongoing violence and human rights violations, advocating for a return to good-faith engagement in the peace process and urging all parties to uphold the June 27 Peace Agreement and July 19 Declaration of Principles. The Paris Conference on peace and stability in the Great Lakes region, held on October 30, 2025, was also noted.
“The interconnectedness of these crises—Ukraine, Sudan, DRC—highlights the need for a comprehensive, globally coordinated approach,” noted a senior analyst at the International Crisis Group. “These are not isolated events; they are symptoms of deeper systemic vulnerabilities.”
Maritime Security and Prosperity
Maritime security was identified as a foundational pillar of global stability. The ministers reaffirmed the principles of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and referenced the G7 NB8++ Shadow Fleet Task Force’s work. A key element of this strategy is aimed at combating the use of unregistered or fraudulently registered vessels engaged in sanctions evasion, risky navigation practices, arms transfers, illicit trade, and maritime crime. The Ministers expressed concern over the use of dangerous maneuvers and water cannons in the South China Sea, as well as efforts to restrict freedom of navigation and overflight through militarization and coercion. This combined with addressing hybrid threats like attacks on undersea infrastructure and strengthening partnerships in securing maritime ports and routes against trafficking of illegal drugs.
Economic Resilience, Energy Security and Critical Minerals
The G7 continues to prioritize building economic resilience and bolstering energy security, primarily through the Critical Minerals Action Plan and Production Alliance. The ministers recognized the need to reduce dependencies, strengthen supply chains, and foster shared prosperity and security, particularly within the context of global competition. A particular area of focus was addressing market distortions—including overcapacity—and the use of non-market policies to disrupt critical mineral supply chains. The ministers welcomed the results of recent U.S.-China discussions and emphasized the importance of predictable trade relations. “Ensuring access to critical minerals is not just an economic issue; it’s a matter of national security,” a G7 representative stated.
Haiti and Sudan – Cross-Cutting Concerns
The ministers acknowledged the profound impact of conflict and instability on affected countries and regions, emphasizing the need for voluntary personnel and financial contributions to implement UNSC Resolution 2793. The launch of the Regional Maritime Security Initiative, aimed at fostering stability in Haiti and the Caribbean, was also welcomed.