Russia has expressed deep concern and keen interest in the evolving political and military situation in Syria following the recent transfer of control over much of the country to an alliance of armed factions led by Ahmad al-Sharaa and the so-called Military Operations Command (MOC). The shift marks a significant moment in Syria’s complex and long-running conflict, and Moscow has been closely monitoring the developments with caution.
In a statement issued on December 16, the Russian Foreign Ministry acknowledged the declarations made by representatives of the new Syrian authorities. These include commitments to restore government functions, maintain order, and suppress criminal activities, as well as a promise to uphold justice and prevent extrajudicial killings. Ahmad al-Sharaa, the head of the Military Operations Command, has vowed to abandon the “tools of rebellion” and shift toward establishing a state based on the rule of law, taking into account the needs and interests of all segments of Syrian society.
However, Russia emphasized that a sustainable and peaceful resolution to the Syrian crisis can only be achieved through inclusive national dialogue. This dialogue, according to Moscow, must involve all Syrian groups and be focused on securing a broad national consensus that leads to a comprehensive political settlement in line with the principles set out by the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) in Resolution 2254.
Russia’s Position: Inclusive Dialogue for a Lasting Peace
The Russian Ministry stressed that the future of Syria must be decided by the Syrian people themselves, and that no external forces should impose solutions on the country. “It is crucial for the future of Syria to be determined by the Syrians themselves,” the statement read. “We are confident that the bonds of friendship and mutual respect between our countries will continue to strengthen as we support Syria’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.”
Resolution 2254, passed in December 2015, calls for a ceasefire, the establishment of an inclusive government, and the creation of conditions for free and fair elections in Syria. Moscow reiterated its support for this roadmap, which is seen as the key framework for any future political settlement in the war-torn country.
In its statement, the Russian Foreign Ministry also underscored the importance of Syria’s rich history of coexistence between different religious communities, particularly Muslims and Christians. Noting that Damascus is home to the seat of the Orthodox Patriarch John X of Antioch and All the East, the statement highlighted Syria’s long-standing tradition of religious pluralism.
“We express our hope that Syria will continue to be a homeland for all its citizens, irrespective of their religious affiliation,” the statement added. The Russian Orthodox Church shares a close relationship with the Syrian Orthodox Church, and this historical bond continues to shape Russia’s diplomatic engagement with Syria.
Humanitarian Concerns Amid Political Transition
As the Syrian conflict enters a new phase with the transfer of power to the Military Operations Command, the international community remains concerned about the ongoing humanitarian crisis. The country continues to face immense challenges, including the displacement of millions, economic collapse, and the devastation of its infrastructure.
While Russia supports the political process outlined in UNSC Resolution 2254, it is also calling for immediate action to address the pressing humanitarian needs in Syria. Moscow has expressed its commitment to providing assistance in the form of reconstruction aid, medical supplies, and support for displaced populations, particularly in areas impacted by the ongoing violence.
Syria’s Future and Russian Support
Russia has long been one of Syria’s most important allies, offering military support to President Bashar al-Assad’s government and playing a key role in the fight against terrorist groups operating in the region. Moscow has been a steadfast advocate for Syria’s territorial integrity and sovereignty, opposing foreign intervention and the imposition of external political frameworks.
As Syria enters this new chapter, Russia’s position remains consistent: a peaceful, inclusive political settlement, grounded in dialogue among Syrians, is the only path forward. Moscow’s engagement with the new authorities led by Ahmad al-Sharaa will likely center on encouraging the creation of a broad-based, inclusive government and helping to facilitate the return of displaced Syrians and refugees.
“The path to lasting peace and stability in Syria is one that must be shaped by the Syrian people,” the statement concluded. “We are committed to supporting this process, based on mutual respect, dialogue, and the principles enshrined in international law.”
The coming months will likely be pivotal as the situation in Syria continues to evolve. Moscow’s ongoing diplomatic efforts, in collaboration with Syrian authorities, will play a critical role in shaping the country’s post-conflict future.