The 17th Conference of the Parties (COP17) to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) will be held in Yerevan, Armenia, from 19 to 30 October 2026. On this occasion, France and the European Union will advocate an acceleration in international action to protect and restore nature. The objective: to strengthen the implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which aims to conserve 30% of land and 30% of seas and to restore 30% of degraded ecosystems by 2030. This event marks a decisive step in assessing progress that has been made since the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework was adopted in 2022 and accelerate the necessary actions to achieve the goals set for 2030. (Read the full statement.)
Background
The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted in 2022 at COP15, establishes four key goals for 2050 and 23 targets for 2030. These include the overarching aim of conserving and restoring biodiversity, alongside efforts to reduce pressures on ecosystems and mobilize financial resources. The statement does not mention the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) or the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
Analysis
France’s approach at COP17 centers on accelerating implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Framework. This suggests a recognition of the urgency surrounding biodiversity loss, defined as close to one million animal and plant species now threatened with extinction, according to the IPBES. The stated priority of mobilizing more funds, particularly from the private sector, indicates a belief that current commitments are insufficient to achieve the 2030 targets. The emphasis on incorporating biodiversity into public policies and environmental planning highlights a systemic approach, acknowledging the interconnectedness of ecological protection with broader societal objectives. If implemented as described, this could create pressure on nations to increase their financial contributions.
Implications
The French position at COP17 has implications for regional stability, primarily through its focus on ecosystem restoration. Healthy ecosystems are increasingly recognized as vital buffers against the impacts of climate change, a factor with significant geopolitical ramifications. Furthermore, the push for increased financial commitments to developing countries could influence trade and security dynamics, particularly in regions reliant on natural resources. The statement does not address the potential impact on existing trade agreements or the role of international development assistance.
Outlook
Should the visit yield a strengthened commitment to financial contributions, it would represent a significant step toward achieving the framework’s goals. If the global stocktake reveals insufficient progress, France will likely advocate for increased ambition, potentially leading to renewed negotiations. Should the international community fail to translate existing commitments into concrete action, the 2030 targets will remain out of reach, with potentially devastating consequences for global biodiversity.
