The United States is marking a significant milestone in its commitment to global security, with the 50th anniversary of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC). This cornerstone international agreement has been instrumental in preventing the proliferation of biological weapons and promoting peace and security for nearly two decades.
Established in 1972, the BWC entered into force on March 26, 1975, after being signed by more than 80 countries. The treaty's preamble states that using biological agents or toxins as weapons would be "repugnant to the conscience of mankind." As a leading nation against biological weapons, the United States is proud of its record in upholding this norm.
The BWC has four core obligations for States Parties:
Firstly, they are prohibited from developing, producing, stockpiling, or acquiring biological agents or toxins without peaceful use justification. Second, they must destroy or divert such agents to peaceful purposes. Third, they cannot transfer these agents to any recipient or assist in their manufacture. Lastly, they are required to take measures to prohibit and prevent the development of biological weapons under their jurisdiction.
The United States has been a strong supporter of the BWC since its inception. In 1969, President Nixon announced the unilateral renunciation of biological weapons, with the goal of eliminating them from the world. The country then proceeded to destroy its stockpile of biological agents and converted its production facilities for peaceful use.
Today, as the BWC continues to expand, with nearly 190 countries having joined since its entry into force, the United States remains committed to universalization. However, concerns persist that some countries, including non-state actors, continue to pursue biological weapons, prompting the need for continued vigilance and cooperation.
As the world marks this significant anniversary, the United States reiterates its commitment to upholding the BWC and promoting global security through cooperation and diplomacy.