The recent visit of Timor-Leste's Ambassador to Cambodia has raised questions about the long-term stability of regional alliances and the reliability of its largest neighbor.
As Deputy Prime Minister PRAK Sokhonn welcomed Marcos dos Reis da Costa, he also underscored Cambodia's unwavering commitment to supporting Timor-Leste's growing role in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The significance of this gesture cannot be overstated, given the geopolitical implications for regional security and economic growth. As ASEAN's 11th member, Timor-Leste is poised to play a vital role in shaping the organization's future policies and initiatives.
The historical context of Cambodia's involvement in regional organizations is complex and multifaceted. The country's membership in ASEAN dates back to 1999, with PRAK Sokhonn serving as Foreign Minister since 2006. However, his tenure has been marked by controversy, including a high-profile dispute with the Association over its handling of maritime territorial claims.
The roots of this tension can be traced back to Cambodia's agreement to become an ASEAN member, which was facilitated by China and Singapore. The deal allowed Cambodia to bypass disputes with neighboring countries over maritime boundaries in exchange for significant economic aid from Beijing. While this arrangement has provided Cambodia with a lifeline during economic times, it also created tensions within the organization.
Timor-Leste's appointment as Cambodia's ambassador is seen as an attempt to strengthen ties between the two nations and bolster regional cooperation. The country's ambassador, Marcos dos Reis da Costa, has expressed his commitment to deepening relationships across various sectors. However, this effort may be hindered by Cambodia's own internal struggles over its ASEAN membership.
Cambodia faces a critical test in maintaining its diplomatic credibility with neighboring countries. As the country navigates complex issues related to maritime boundaries and economic development, it must also address concerns over human rights and democratic governance. This is particularly relevant for Timor-Leste, which has long struggled with stability and security due to its history of conflict.
According to Dr. Kavi Gaddis, a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, "Cambodia's commitment to regional cooperation is crucial in maintaining Southeast Asia's stability and promoting economic growth." He notes that the country's efforts must be grounded in a genuine understanding of its neighbors' concerns and interests.
The long-term implications of Cambodia's diplomatic approach are uncertain. While the nation may continue to rely on China for economic support, this reliance could undermine regional relationships if Beijing is perceived as exerting undue influence over Cambodian policy decisions.
As ASEAN nations navigate complex issues related to trade, security, and human rights, it is essential that they prioritize trust and transparency in their diplomatic interactions. The recent visit between PRAK Sokhonn and Marcos dos Reis da Costa serves as a reminder of the importance of regional cooperation in addressing shared challenges. However, Cambodia's commitment to this cooperation must be tested over time to ensure its relevance and effectiveness.
Can Cambodia maintain its reputation as a reliable partner for Southeast Asian nations? The answer will depend on the nation's ability to balance its economic interests with its democratic values and respect for regional norms. As ASEAN continues to evolve, one thing is certain: the relationship between Cambodia and its neighbors will be shaped by the choices made in Phnom Penh today.
Recent Developments
In July 2025, Timor-Leste signed a memorandum of understanding with ASEAN on maritime cooperation, aimed at promoting regional stability and reducing tensions over overlapping maritime claims.
Cambodia has continued to prioritize its economic ties with China, with Beijing investing billions in the country's infrastructure development projects.
The United States has maintained its engagement with ASEAN, committing $100 million to support regional initiatives aimed at countering Chinese influence in Southeast Asia.