Millions of meteorological and marine observations had been used, including from satellites, said WMO, adding that combining observations with modelled values made it possible to estimate temperatures “ at any time and in any place across the globe, even in data-sparse areas such as the polar regions”.
La Niña effect
The cooling effect of the particular La Niña phenomenon – now in its third year – prevented 2022 through being the warmest actually. “Since the 1980s, each decade has been hotter than the previous one. This is expected to keep on , ” the EL agency said, adding the fact that warmest eight years have the ability to been since 2015, along with 2016, 2019 and 2020 constituting the top three. “An exceptionally strong El Niño event occurred in 2016, which contributed to report global temperatures, ” WMO explained. To reach its findings, the UN agency collated and compared weather datasets from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), NASA’s Goddard Institute with regard to Space Studies (NASA GISS); the United Kingdom’s Fulfilled Office Hadley Centre, as well as the University of East Anglia’s Climatic Research Unit (HadCRUT); the Berkeley Earth group, the European Centre regarding Medium Range Weather Predictions and its Copernicus Climate Change Service; and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). “Today only half of 193 (UN) Members have proper early warning services , which leads to much higher economic and human losses, ” the WMO chief explained. “There are also big spaces in basic weather observations in Africa and isle states, which has a major bad impact on the quality of weather predictions. ”
WMO chief: invest in preparedness
WMO also cautioned against placing too much importance upon individual year rankings, as the “ differences in temp between the fourth and eighth warmest year are relatively small ”. No matter La Niña, 2022 has been still marked by spectacular weather disasters linked to environment change, from catastrophic water damage in Pakistan, deadly heatwaves in China, Europe, North and South America, and relentless drought and misery meant for millions in the Horn associated with Africa. In late December, serious storms also began ripping across large areas of United states, bringing high winds, weighty snow, flooding and low temperatures.
Scientific strategy
WMO “ This air conditioning impact will be short-lived and will not reverse the extensive warming trend caused by record levels of heat-trapping greenhouse gases in our atmosphere, ” the WMO cautioned, adding that there is a 60 per cent chance that Una Niña will continue till March 2023, followed by “ENSO-neutral” conditions (neither El Niño nor La Niña). Data analysis by the UN agency showed the fact that average global temperature within 2022 was about 1 . 15C (34. 07F) above pre-industrial (1850-1900) levels. This even comes close with 1 . 09C (33. 96F) from last year to 2020 and indicates that long-term warming shows no signs of stopping. These emergencies have “claimed far too many lives plus livelihoods and undermined health, food, energy and water security and infrastructure ”, said WMO Secretary-General, Professor Petteri Taalas, who called for all countries to step up preparedness meant for extreme weather events.
In an alert, the agency also described that 2022 was the eighth consecutive 12 months that global temperatures rose at least 1C above pre-industrial levels , fuelled by ever-rising greenhouse gas concentrations and accumulated heat.
